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The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 — Appendix A. CSF Core

Reproduced verbatim from the archived PDF of NIST CSWP 29 (sources/NIST.CSWP.29.pdf), Appendix A, printed pages 15–23. National Institute of Standards and Technology (2024) The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0. (National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD), NIST Cybersecurity White Paper (CSWP) NIST CSWP 29. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.29 Republished courtesy of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Appendix A. CSF Core

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 15.

This appendix describes the Functions, Categories, and Subcategories of the CSF Core. Table 1 lists the CSF 2.0 Core Function and Category names and unique alphabetic identifiers. Each Function name in the table is linked to its portion of the appendix. The order of Functions, Categories, and Subcategories of the Core is not alphabetical; it is intended to resonate most with those charged with operationalizing risk management within an organization. The numbering of the Subcategories is intentionally not sequential; gaps in numbering indicate CSF 1.1 Subcategories that were relocated in CSF 2.0.

Table 1. CSF 2.0 Core Function and Category names and identifiers

Function	Category	Category Identifier
Govern (GV)	Organizational Context	GV.OC
	Risk Management Strategy	GV.RM
	Roles, Responsibilities, and Authorities	GV.RR
	Policy	GV.PO
	Oversight	GV.OV
	Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management	GV.SC
Identify (ID)	Asset Management	ID.AM
	Risk Assessment	ID.RA
	Improvement	ID.IM
Protect (PR)	Identity Management, Authentication, and Access Control	PR.AA
	Awareness and Training	PR.AT
	Data Security	PR.DS
	Platform Security	PR.PS
	Technology Infrastructure Resilience	PR.IR
Detect (DE)	Continuous Monitoring	DE.CM
	Adverse Event Analysis	DE.AE
Respond (RS)	Incident Management	RS.MA
	Incident Analysis	RS.AN
	Incident Response Reporting and Communication	RS.CO
	Incident Mitigation	RS.MI
Recover (RC)	Incident Recovery Plan Execution	RC.RP
	Incident Recovery Communication	RC.CO

The CSF Core, Informative References, and Implementation Examples are available on the CSF 2.0 website and through the CSF 2.0 Reference Tool, which allows users to explore them and export them in human- and machine-readable formats. The CSF 2.0 Core is also available in a legacy format similar to that of CSF 1.1.

GOVERN (GV)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 16.

GOVERN (GV): The organization’s cybersecurity risk management strategy, expectations, and policy are established, communicated, and monitored

Organizational Context (GV.OC)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 16.

Organizational Context (GV.OC): The circumstances — mission, stakeholder expectations, dependencies, and legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements — surrounding the organization’s cybersecurity risk management decisions are understood

GV.OC-01: The organizational mission is understood and informs cybersecurity risk management
GV.OC-02: Internal and external stakeholders are understood, and their needs and expectations regarding cybersecurity risk management are understood and considered
GV.OC-03: Legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements regarding cybersecurity — including privacy and civil liberties obligations — are understood and managed
GV.OC-04: Critical objectives, capabilities, and services that external stakeholders depend on or expect from the organization are understood and communicated
GV.OC-05: Outcomes, capabilities, and services that the organization depends on are understood and communicated

Risk Management Strategy (GV.RM)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 16.

Risk Management Strategy (GV.RM): The organization’s priorities, constraints, risk tolerance and appetite statements, and assumptions are established, communicated, and used to support operational risk decisions

GV.RM-01: Risk management objectives are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders
GV.RM-02: Risk appetite and risk tolerance statements are established, communicated, and maintained
GV.RM-03: Cybersecurity risk management activities and outcomes are included in enterprise risk management processes
GV.RM-04: Strategic direction that describes appropriate risk response options is established and communicated
GV.RM-05: Lines of communication across the organization are established for cybersecurity risks, including risks from suppliers and other third parties
GV.RM-06: A standardized method for calculating, documenting, categorizing, and prioritizing cybersecurity risks is established and communicated
GV.RM-07: Strategic opportunities (i.e., positive risks) are characterized and are included in organizational cybersecurity risk discussions

Roles, Responsibilities, and Authorities (GV.RR)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 17.

Roles, Responsibilities, and Authorities (GV.RR): Cybersecurity roles, responsibilities, and authorities to foster accountability, performance assessment, and continuous improvement are established and communicated

GV.RR-01: Organizational leadership is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk and fosters a culture that is risk-aware, ethical, and continually improving
GV.RR-02: Roles, responsibilities, and authorities related to cybersecurity risk management are established, communicated, understood, and enforced
GV.RR-03: Adequate resources are allocated commensurate with the cybersecurity risk strategy, roles, responsibilities, and policies
GV.RR-04: Cybersecurity is included in human resources practices

Policy (GV.PO)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 17.

Policy (GV.PO): Organizational cybersecurity policy is established, communicated, and enforced

GV.PO-01: Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is established based on organizational context, cybersecurity strategy, and priorities and is communicated and enforced
GV.PO-02: Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is reviewed, updated, communicated, and enforced to reflect changes in requirements, threats, technology, and organizational mission

Oversight (GV.OV)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 17.

Oversight (GV.OV): Results of organization-wide cybersecurity risk management activities and performance are used to inform, improve, and adjust the risk management strategy

GV.OV-01: Cybersecurity risk management strategy outcomes are reviewed to inform and adjust strategy and direction
GV.OV-02: The cybersecurity risk management strategy is reviewed and adjusted to ensure coverage of organizational requirements and risks
GV.OV-03: Organizational cybersecurity risk management performance is evaluated and reviewed for adjustments needed

Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management (GV.SC)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, pages 17–18.

Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management (GV.SC): Cyber supply chain risk management processes are identified, established, managed, monitored, and improved by organizational stakeholders

GV.SC-01: A cybersecurity supply chain risk management program, strategy, objectives, policies, and processes are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders
GV.SC-02: Cybersecurity roles and responsibilities for suppliers, customers, and partners are established, communicated, and coordinated internally and externally
GV.SC-03: Cybersecurity supply chain risk management is integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management, risk assessment, and improvement processes
GV.SC-04: Suppliers are known and prioritized by criticality
GV.SC-05: Requirements to address cybersecurity risks in supply chains are established, prioritized, and integrated into contracts and other types of agreements with suppliers and other relevant third parties
GV.SC-06: Planning and due diligence are performed to reduce risks before entering into formal supplier or other third-party relationships
GV.SC-07: The risks posed by a supplier, their products and services, and other third parties are understood, recorded, prioritized, assessed, responded to, and monitored over the course of the relationship
GV.SC-08: Relevant suppliers and other third parties are included in incident planning, response, and recovery activities
GV.SC-09: Supply chain security practices are integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management programs, and their performance is monitored throughout the technology product and service life cycle
GV.SC-10: Cybersecurity supply chain risk management plans include provisions for activities that occur after the conclusion of a partnership or service agreement

IDENTIFY (ID)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 18.

IDENTIFY (ID): The organization’s current cybersecurity risks are understood

Asset Management (ID.AM)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 18.

Asset Management (ID.AM): Assets (e.g., data, hardware, software, systems, facilities, services, people) that enable the organization to achieve business purposes are identified and managed consistent with their relative importance to organizational objectives and the organization’s risk strategy

ID.AM-01: Inventories of hardware managed by the organization are maintained
ID.AM-02: Inventories of software, services, and systems managed by the organization are maintained
ID.AM-03: Representations of the organization’s authorized network communication and internal and external network data flows are maintained
ID.AM-04: Inventories of services provided by suppliers are maintained
ID.AM-05: Assets are prioritized based on classification, criticality, resources, and impact on the mission
ID.AM-07: Inventories of data and corresponding metadata for designated data types are maintained
ID.AM-08: Systems, hardware, software, services, and data are managed throughout their life cycles

Risk Assessment (ID.RA)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, pages 18–19.

Risk Assessment (ID.RA): The cybersecurity risk to the organization, assets, and individuals is understood by the organization

ID.RA-01: Vulnerabilities in assets are identified, validated, and recorded
ID.RA-02: Cyber threat intelligence is received from information sharing forums and sources
ID.RA-03: Internal and external threats to the organization are identified and recorded
ID.RA-04: Potential impacts and likelihoods of threats exploiting vulnerabilities are identified and recorded
ID.RA-05: Threats, vulnerabilities, likelihoods, and impacts are used to understand inherent risk and inform risk response prioritization
ID.RA-06: Risk responses are chosen, prioritized, planned, tracked, and communicated
ID.RA-07: Changes and exceptions are managed, assessed for risk impact, recorded, and tracked
ID.RA-08: Processes for receiving, analyzing, and responding to vulnerability disclosures are established
ID.RA-09: The authenticity and integrity of hardware and software are assessed prior to acquisition and use
ID.RA-10: Critical suppliers are assessed prior to acquisition

Improvement (ID.IM)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 19.

Improvement (ID.IM): Improvements to organizational cybersecurity risk management processes, procedures and activities are identified across all CSF Functions

ID.IM-01: Improvements are identified from evaluations
ID.IM-02: Improvements are identified from security tests and exercises, including those done in coordination with suppliers and relevant third parties
ID.IM-03: Improvements are identified from execution of operational processes, procedures, and activities
ID.IM-04: Incident response plans and other cybersecurity plans that affect operations are established, communicated, maintained, and improved

PROTECT (PR)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 19.

PROTECT (PR): Safeguards to manage the organization’s cybersecurity risks are used

Identity Management, Authentication, and Access Control (PR.AA)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, pages 19–20.

Identity Management, Authentication, and Access Control (PR.AA): Access to physical and logical assets is limited to authorized users, services, and hardware and managed commensurate with the assessed risk of unauthorized access

PR.AA-01: Identities and credentials for authorized users, services, and hardware are managed by the organization
PR.AA-02: Identities are proofed and bound to credentials based on the context of interactions
PR.AA-03: Users, services, and hardware are authenticated
PR.AA-04: Identity assertions are protected, conveyed, and verified
PR.AA-05: Access permissions, entitlements, and authorizations are defined in a policy, managed, enforced, and reviewed, and incorporate the principles of least privilege and separation of duties
PR.AA-06: Physical access to assets is managed, monitored, and enforced commensurate with risk

Awareness and Training (PR.AT)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 20.

Awareness and Training (PR.AT): The organization’s personnel are provided with cybersecurity awareness and training so that they can perform their cybersecurity-related tasks

PR.AT-01: Personnel are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform general tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind
PR.AT-02: Individuals in specialized roles are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform relevant tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind

Data Security (PR.DS)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 20.

Data Security (PR.DS): Data are managed consistent with the organization’s risk strategy to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information

PR.DS-01: The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-at-rest are protected
PR.DS-02: The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-transit are protected
PR.DS-10: The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-use are protected
PR.DS-11: Backups of data are created, protected, maintained, and tested

Platform Security (PR.PS)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 20.

Platform Security (PR.PS): The hardware, software (e.g., firmware, operating systems, applications), and services of physical and virtual platforms are managed consistent with the organization’s risk strategy to protect their confidentiality, integrity, and availability

PR.PS-01: Configuration management practices are established and applied
PR.PS-02: Software is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk
PR.PS-03: Hardware is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk
PR.PS-04: Log records are generated and made available for continuous monitoring
PR.PS-05: Installation and execution of unauthorized software are prevented
PR.PS-06: Secure software development practices are integrated, and their performance is monitored throughout the software development life cycle

Technology Infrastructure Resilience (PR.IR)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, pages 20–21.

Technology Infrastructure Resilience (PR.IR): Security architectures are managed with the organization’s risk strategy to protect asset confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and organizational resilience

PR.IR-01: Networks and environments are protected from unauthorized logical access and usage
PR.IR-02: The organization’s technology assets are protected from environmental threats
PR.IR-03: Mechanisms are implemented to achieve resilience requirements in normal and adverse situations
PR.IR-04: Adequate resource capacity to ensure availability is maintained

DETECT (DE)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 21.

DETECT (DE): Possible cybersecurity attacks and compromises are found and analyzed

Continuous Monitoring (DE.CM)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 21.

Continuous Monitoring (DE.CM): Assets are monitored to find anomalies, indicators of compromise, and other potentially adverse events

DE.CM-01: Networks and network services are monitored to find potentially adverse events
DE.CM-02: The physical environment is monitored to find potentially adverse events
DE.CM-03: Personnel activity and technology usage are monitored to find potentially adverse events
DE.CM-06: External service provider activities and services are monitored to find potentially adverse events
DE.CM-09: Computing hardware and software, runtime environments, and their data are monitored to find potentially adverse events

Adverse Event Analysis (DE.AE)

Verbatim from NIST CSWP 29 (2024-02-26), Appendix A, page 21.

Adverse Event Analysis (DE.AE): Anomalies, indicators of compromise, and other potentially adverse events are analyzed to characterize the events and detect cybersecurity incidents

DE.AE-02: Potentially adverse events are analyzed to better understand associated activities
DE.AE-03: Information is correlated from multiple sources
DE.AE-04: The estimated impact and scope of adverse events are understood
DE.AE-06: Information on adverse events is provided to authorized staff and tools
DE.AE-07: Cyber threat intelligence and other contextual information are integrated into the analysis
DE.AE-08: Incidents are declared when adverse events meet the defined incident criteria